This is a great story. I really enjoy finding stories like this and reading about the amazing Canadian's that played such pivotal roles when most of them that come out are of British or American's.
The kind of war hero about whom movies are made
Last Updated: Thursday, May 6, 2010 | 2:54 PM ET Comments6Recommend20
By Fred Langan CBC News
Growing up, "the Major" was simply the father of a couple of close friends of mine, an affable, quiet-spoken man with whom I would play chess from time to time.
I didn't know until much later that Guy d'Artois was the type of war hero about whom movies are made.
It is a thought that comes back to me now every time we mark the end of the Second World War, particularly on its European front. His is a story not many people know.
Seven Canadian officers who took part in SOE missions prior to and following D-Day, on arrival home, in Halifax in December 1944. Identities are unknown but the second from the right in the rear row is d'Artois. (National Defence photo)
During the run-up to the invasion of Normandy in June 1944, d'Artois and about 25 other French-speaking Canadians — almost all of them from Quebec — were dropped into France to wreak havoc.
They had been trained to blow up railway lines, assassinate German soldiers and lead the maquis, those disorganized bands of the French Resistance who needed not just weapons but instructions on how to use them.
D'Artois's group was part of the secretive Special Operations Executive, an undercover agency set up by British prime minister Winston Churchill with the objective, in his phrase, "to set Europe ablaze."
The SOE never achieved that somewhat romantic objective. The German grip on Europe was too strong and many SOE agents were captured, tortured and executed by the Gestapo.
One of those was Frank Pickersgill, brother of Jack Pickersgill, then secretary to Canada's war-time prime minister, Mackenzie King.
Send in the Van Doos
Almost all of the Canadian officers who parachuted into France during that period were from the Royal 22nd Regiment, known as the Van Doos. These were men whose native language was French and who could blend into everyday life in occupied France.
The SOE certainly had some successes, including the assassination in November 1942 of Reinhard Heydrich, the SS general in Prague who helped plan the extermination of Europe's Jews.
But there were also terrible reprisals for that assassination, including the liquidation of almost the entire village of Lidice in Czechoslovakia.
Guy d'Artois didn't know he would be part of the SOE when he joined the Canadian Army early in the war.
Guy d'Artois and Sonya Butt, who married in Scotland before being parachuted separately into France to help with the resistence. (National Defence photo)
He volunteered for special commando training and was sent to a special base in Helena, Montana, which trained both Americans and Canadians in the darker arts of combat.
From Montana, d'Artois moved to Britain and a camp in Scotland where SOE agents learned what they were to do in France.
During a parachute training exercise, a beautiful young Englishwoman winked at him.
She was Sonya Butt, the 19-year-old daughter of a senior Royal Air Force officer. As she had been to school in France and was fluent in French, she volunteered for the SOE.
However, love at first sight for both of them created problems, which they compounded by getting married while they were still in Scotland.
That ruined the plan to drop them into France as a team where the last thing officers wanted was to have one person emotionally attached to another, in case of capture.
Eventually, both Butt and d'Artois were parachuted into France, but they were landed hundreds of kilometres away from each other.
Six months underground
D'Artois, then a captain, parachuted into the countryside near Lyon, deep inside occupied German territory.
For almost six months his task was to disrupt the German army by destroying bridges and rail lines, and attacking German military positions.
His troops were a ragtag group of patriotic French men and women, many of whom joined the resistance to avoid being shipped to Germany to work in its war factories.
The young French Canadian officer would later recount that they treated him like a general and followed his orders religiously.
He trained 600 members of the maquis as a combat unit and used other members to set up a secure telephone network behind German lines.
In one battle between the maquis and German troops, d'Artois reported that German soldiers used their rifle butts to club to death 33 wounded resistance fighters.
'Le Canadien'
In France, d'Artois was known to the resistance as Michel le Canadien.
Since he did not fight in uniform, capture would have meant being shot as a spy.
Capt. Guy d'Artois, with French Gen. Charles de Gaulle in Ottawa in 1946. (Canadian Army photo, courtesy d'Artois family)
The Gestapo searched for the slight, French-Canadian officer, at one point sending an attractive blond collaborator to trap him. But she was found out and, in the end, she was the one shot as a spy by the resistence.
As for the French, "they were amazed that a French-Canadian would come back and help them," d'Artois said after the war.
His cover story included a platonic wife, a French agent named Annie who "shot a German officer down like that."
The sector around Lyon was not liberated until September 17, 1944, which was relatively late in the campaign.
France then awarded Guy d'Artois its highest military honour, the Croix de Guerre avec Palme, with the medal presented by Gen. Charles de Gaulle himself at a special ceremony in Canada in 1946.
His Canadian medals included the Distinguished Service Order, which, for a junior officer, was the highest medal for bravery below the Victoria Cross.
Our parents' war
While d'Artois was doing his bit around Lyon, his real wife, Butt, was operating as an SOE agent in the north of France.
At one point, she was captured by the Germans but escaped. The two reunited in Paris in late 1944 and returned to Canada where they would eventually have six children.
Guy d'Artois died in 1999. Sonya d'Artois, always known by her nickname Tony, is still alive and lives just outside of Montreal. At 85, she is one of the few survivors of the SOE and its operations in France but she refuses to give interviews.
Last summer I was at her 85th birthday, because two of her sons are close friends of mine. As a teenager I spent a lot of time at their house in Como.
When he died in 1999 I wrote his obituary for newspapers in England and Canada. Then I used his life story as the basis for a novel I published, The Obit Man.
My generation may be more obsessed with the Second World War than younger people today.
Most people my age have parents who served in the war. My father, for example, served overseas in the Royal Canadian Air Force in Bomber Command.
Growing up knowing people like Guy and Sonya d'Artois somehow makes the Second World War seem more real to me, even though I wasn't alive when it ended 65 years ago.
Read more: http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/05/06/f-langan-dartois-war-hero.html#ixzz0nDeSbT6O
