Article: How To Fix Special Forces Training

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Et Tamen Fortis

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I read this article a while back, and really enjoyed it. Check it out below, or just feel free to chime in on the dicussion.

How to Fix Special Forces Training | T Nation

I'm sure this is going to invite the ire of at least some people. That having been said, I think it presents some important points. As a long time fitness professional with a college minor's worth of coursework in the biosciences, what ultimately concerns me and tends to discourage me from trying for SOF, at the end of the day, is the "tough guy" attitude that it would seem even those responsible for developing and executing selection training programs seem to take.

Here's the bottom line, from my perspective: if only 30% of all screened candidates make it, IMO, then at least one of a few things is true: either the screening criteria or its implementation is bunk, or selection training has something wrong with it, or any combination of these.

Anyhow, I'm curious to hear anyone and everyone's thoughts . . . as long as they are just that: well considered *thoughts*, and not just macho sentiments about "mental toughness" and so-forth.
 
I read this article a while back, and really enjoyed it. Check it out below, or just feel free to chime in on the dicussion.

How to Fix Special Forces Training | T Nation

I'm sure this is going to invite the ire of at least some people. That having been said, I think it presents some important points. As a long time fitness professional with a college minor's worth of coursework in the biosciences, what ultimately concerns me and tends to discourage me from trying for SOF, at the end of the day, is the "tough guy" attitude that it would seem even those responsible for developing and executing selection training programs seem to take.

Here's the bottom line, from my perspective: if only 30% of all screened candidates make it, IMO, then at least one of a few things is true: either the screening criteria or its implementation is bunk, or selection training has something wrong with it, or any combination of these.


Anyhow, I'm curious to hear anyone and everyone's thoughts . . . as long as they are just that: well considered *thoughts*, and not just macho sentiments about "mental toughness" and so-forth.


Without reading your linked article, but using the premises you state that the low pass rate is bunk or broken, I want to know how many SOF Selection Courses you have attended? Special Forces Training, and I'm assuming the specifics are SFAS, A&S, Indoc, etc.... those are weeding courses, specifically designed to cull the wheat from the chaff.... and the actual Training courses - SFQC et. al. further refine the weeding getting the platinum and the gold from the ore... SPECIAL is not just a moniker, it is a word taken very seriously in SOF... The tough guy attitude that irks you so horribly, is part of what makes Special operations what it is, a small, tightly knit, bonded, group that trusts each other implicitly due to the rigors of training. Special Operations selection and training is exclusionary, sorry that's the truth... it needs to stay that way in order to maintain the extra edge required of its ranks. special operations does not need to include every swinging dick in the world, it is an ELITE and SPECIAL group of people.

You have no clue, and you hit one of my sore spots - uninformed uninitiated underinformed and overeducated asshats trying to fix something they never attempted, or failed or thinks needs fixing.

And think about this.... any special operations medical person, has much more than a college minor's worth of coursework in the biosciences.

As to the bolded part of your statement - Until you make the attempt at Selection you are regurgitating somebody else's research, and you personally don't have a leg to stand on.

ETA - after reading the article, there are some valid points made, and some refutable points made... some of the issue I have with the author is that he is lumping everybody in the same fitness boat... I saw the overtraining issues, and I am now experiencing the adrenal issues. But I tried to train smart while I was in, because... before I went to SF, I got caught in the military conditioning errors...
 
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A few things.

First, I am not SOF, so I cannot attest to the veracity of the article vis-a-vis "inprocessing events" (my words) like A&S/BUDS/etc.

Second, the author does a good job of explaining that traditional military approaches to fitness especially in regard to SOF is lacking and attempts to counter with some progressive fitness ideas (progressive for the military-at-large). As he is both a) in that industry and b) a SOF veteran, he has likely some of the best insight.

Third, the author points out that while military-published training is often "good enough" it lacks breadth to ensure physical fitness success throughout the SOF lifespan, and that one needs to be judicious about adopting any one specific training plan.

Forth and final, that "tough guy" attitude is there for a reason, and as outsiders (of the SOF realm), we have no authority to question why/how they do the things they do (though I know and understand why the "tough guy" approach was used in the training I have had).
 
I want to apologize to @Et Tamen Fortis for the tenor of my original post, and for the unneeded use of expletive at the end, which has since been edited.

I would like to see you make a run at a Special Operations Selection, for while the kinesiology may be dated, there are other more esoteric portions of the selection process that are not even touched on in the article.

I personally have been a proponent of functional fitness, I swam competitively/lifeguarded, played rugby, soccer baseball, football, softball, sailed, hiked, did orienteering and mountaineering prior to joining the service. I was not big, but I could ruck, swim, PT, H2H, fireman carry a buddy, shoot move and communicate. For the most part I still can, within the limits of the broken parts of my body.
 
Selection is just that, a weeding out portion. The vast majority of applicants to all SOF elements are not mentally, or physically, capable of performing with their peers. When you show up in SOF having completed the course, you're still the lowest rank, lowest performing, and lowest capable individual on the team. Having more people pass doesn't solve anything other than numbers, which isn't what is needed. What is needed is the best overall performing individuals out of each selection class. Coddling those that want to try to join SOF for months prior with special PT and all other sorts of crap is just not something that can be done.
 
Doing better PT earlier may keep guys in the force longer. It isn't about coddling, it is about training smart and caring for the most important weapons we have.
 
x SF Med and others,

No need to apologize, sir. I understand that a very necessary part of being a soldier, especially an elite one, is spiritedness, which is perhaps a less perjorative term that retains all that is good in the "tough guy" descriptor and ditches the bad.

This is not something that's easily quantified, obviously, and is also something that can't be thoroughly tested without exposing an individual to extremes that mimic field conditions. Correct me if I'm wrong, but I think that's what the major gripe is with me trying to suggest "train smarter not harder" is something that those responsible for designing SOF indoc and qual courses ought to try to better take to heart.

That being said, there are no shortage of horror stories about Q courses taken too far. Guys on their third try at an SOF Q course with broken bones and life-threatening respiratory infections, for instance, who are hiding all of this from their instructors, and who only make it through by doing so . . . or who fail out and end up in a hospital for weeks on end, and who may or may not ever be quite the same afterwards.

Needless to say, I think that's a rotten way for leadership to treat people who are doing some of the most important, demanding and difficult jobs in the armed forces.

That being said, if there was a focus on improving objective measures and using the appropriate clinical science to guide both screening and the design and implementation of these sorts of things, than I highly suspect that people such as yourself wouldn't be complaining nearly as much about having broken bodies.

For my purposes, and this is perhaps where y'all can help me out: I am interested in teams/jobs in SOF where the general idea is to really adequately prepare people through training, and not MERELY to "weed people out." I think that's only sensible, and if takes me looking into something less "high speed" and well-known (i.e. Navy EOD), or even something non-SOF (an expeditionary unit in AF Security Forces), than that is more appealing to me than breaking myself and permanently compromising my ability to perform before even getting into the field.

I think there is a lot more here that's worth discussing. Thanks to everyone who has chimed in thus far, it is good to get a wide range of perspectives on this. I will try and come back to this when I have time; for now, it's off to class.
 
that is more appealing to me than breaking myself and permanently compromising my ability to perform before even getting into the field.

Some of my injuries are military related, some came after the military and some are compounded by both... the adrenal and cortico steroid/ hormone issues are more prevalent, or at least more noticed in the military for a number of reasons, especially in retired SOF people, because they are subject to very detailed medical exams.

High stress, very active lifestyles are noted for the more elaborate hormonal changes evident in aging, it's being studied, but it's going to be a few years maybe 2 decades before all the results are in and tabulated... and add the nutritional deficiencies in a field lifestyle, well... depending on genetics, it could be a bombshell after 5 years, or never effect a person after 20...

I'm looking forward to more discussion here.
 
Spitballing:

Wouldn't better physical fitness early in the game translate to fewer injuries over one's career?

Adding plate carriers vice the old H or Y harnesses, how much has that changed fitness levels? SF soldiers just seem to be 10-15 pounds heavier now than in my day, and that extra weight isn't fat.
 
To the original poster,

I think the article makes a lot of good points and you see these types of things all over the military not just in SOF. here's a bit of info for you though. A lot of things in the military aren't ideal at all and a lot of things suck. Radios suck and they break and don't work for no discernible reason at all. Vehicles break down, weapons systems go down. We do what we do with what we have and we make it work. Is there room for improvement? Of course, there always is. But as mentioned before you have no experience with the military or our culture so you don't have any grounds to form an opinion as of now. This isn't meant to be an insult or to stray from the original topic but your post just makes me wonder how you will deal with these types of issues.
 
Doing better PT earlier may keep guys in the force longer. It isn't about coddling, it is about training smart and caring for the most important weapons we have.

Doing better PT earlier yes, would benefit everyone theoretically, however the article in question mentions a 6 month plus trainup for SOF candidates specifically. As initial recruits for 18X or Option 40's, there's no room for that. You have what you have for the timeframe of 13 weeks of Infantry OSUT, another 3 weeks or so of Airborne, then 3 days at the shortest before you start RIP. SF candidates by contract actually get more train-up time, from what I know.

For anyone in-service, taking 6-9 months out of your day to day stuff is as expected, a total and utter nogo. Hell, our guys going to selections could do additional training if it could be worked into the schedule without interfering with actual responsibilities at the unit. The unit (regardless of what unit) is required by policy to allow you to go, but they're not required to allow you any special favors just because you're trying to go.

The other factor is that unless done properly (like most of the guys here that lift) weight training as a whole is done to the detriment of overall physical capacity. It does no good if you can deadlift or squat eleventy billion pounds, when you fall out on a 5 mile run. I saw it personally from some steakheads. Proper mixed training prevents that, but too many people go "hurr durr I getz big hurr" and don't keep a balanced focus... and their falling out is a detriment to the team that which they belong.

Hell, there's frigging troops that don't even know how to insert a magazine in a rifle, or even load a magazine properly. Do you think that these points of human brilliance really should be introduced to doing a clean or something? With bodyweight exercises, at least their capacity to injure themselves is relatively restricted.

Nutrition in the military varies highly as well, and part of it is also driven by time as well as if you're going to feed the troops, you really are going to also want to feed them something they'll actually eat. Would it have been nice if protein powder or other stuff was provided? Sure, but I could always go back for second helpings of chicken or whatever prime protein they were serving at the Ranger chow hall as well. Doing a 5-6 meal day like some "pros" do just isn't something you could really do on a regular reliable basis though. Regular army chow halls though, they'd chow nazi the shit out of you if you tried to go back through or just get what you knew you'd be eating anyway on the first go. Some dietary training, or at least something in a TM/FM/some sort of pub, that was actually useful and smart and related to what the fuck we did, would have been a glorious thing though. Especially as a leader, because being able to maximize the benefit possible from what was offered would have been great for my guys, although I had zero dudes who had issues with maintaining height/weight so I never had to deal with fatbody crap administratively.

x SF Med and others,

No need to apologize, sir. I understand that a very necessary part of being a soldier, especially an elite one, is spiritedness, which is perhaps a less perjorative term that retains all that is good in the "tough guy" descriptor and ditches the bad.

This is not something that's easily quantified, obviously, and is also something that can't be thoroughly tested without exposing an individual to extremes that mimic field conditions. Correct me if I'm wrong, but I think that's what the major gripe is with me trying to suggest "train smarter not harder" is something that those responsible for designing SOF indoc and qual courses ought to try to better take to heart.

That being said, there are no shortage of horror stories about Q courses taken too far. Guys on their third try at an SOF Q course with broken bones and life-threatening respiratory infections, for instance, who are hiding all of this from their instructors, and who only make it through by doing so . . . or who fail out and end up in a hospital for weeks on end, and who may or may not ever be quite the same afterwards.

Needless to say, I think that's a rotten way for leadership to treat people who are doing some of the most important, demanding and difficult jobs in the armed forces.

That being said, if there was a focus on improving objective measures and using the appropriate clinical science to guide both screening and the design and implementation of these sorts of things, than I highly suspect that people such as yourself wouldn't be complaining nearly as much about having broken bodies.

For my purposes, and this is perhaps where y'all can help me out: I am interested in teams/jobs in SOF where the general idea is to really adequately prepare people through training, and not MERELY to "weed people out." I think that's only sensible, and if takes me looking into something less "high speed" and well-known (i.e. Navy EOD), or even something non-SOF (an expeditionary unit in AF Security Forces), than that is more appealing to me than breaking myself and permanently compromising my ability to perform before even getting into the field.

I think there is a lot more here that's worth discussing. Thanks to everyone who has chimed in thus far, it is good to get a wide range of perspectives on this. I will try and come back to this when I have time; for now, it's off to class.

You're missing the entire frigging point.... which has been pointed out repeatedly by others:

SELECTION COURSES ARE NOT A TRAINING EVENT. They are a SELECTION event, intended to suck badly, weed out the weak of heart, the physically incapable, the mentally incapable, and as a result present the best possible troops to the training that occurs once selected!!! SFAS does a green beret not make, as a prime example! BUDS is an odd monkey, as it's a selection and training course rolled up into one, but the initial phase is intended as the primary selection event

If someone incurs a broken bone as part of the training, it either was because they did something stupid themselves, or physically were weak, usually a combination of both. If you develop a fracture because you can't even walk in the woods right when generally unsupervised on a land navigation course, or in the process of trying to complete an obstacle course, then guess what son.... you ain't what they're looking for. If you get a cold or whatever, then subsequently hide it to your own physical detriment, guess what... sucks to be you, and you were an idiot. Individuals that try to hide their injuries in the hope that they can pass the selection while injured generally fail to understand that there's a difference between hurt and injured and that you can suck it up through being hurt, but if you're injured, you're going to break worse without medical aid. Hurt is having a huge ass blister break on your foot and bandaging the shit out of it to finish the road march. Injured is dislocating your shoulder and not even attempting to relocate the joint, therefore causing yourself greater harm in the long term.

If someone PASSES the selection course, then you have the actual training to get qualified to do the job. Case in point, RASP 1/2, SFAS vs SFQC, etc etc etc. Even in the qualification phases, you can still fail. Case in point, NCO in my unit up in AK. Johnny Hotshit "I'm Speschul" dun passed SFAS, boloed out of SFQC for 18B because apparently he couldn't even Bravo right... and it showed, since he could barely Eleven Bravo right. Not surprised he didn't pass the Q.

It's already been proven that all the selection courses are directly related to the duties inherent to the positions that the resulting graduates fill. You WILL Land nav. You WILL traverse varied terrain and obstacles. You WILL run in boots. You WILL ruck long and unknown distances. You WILL carry varying and heavy loads throughout any and all of these events. You WILL have to function as part of a team. I don't know what clinical science you're thinking would apply, every selection is as functional as it gets.

When someone actually completes a selection course and subsequent qualification components to their new position and expected duties, the physical training expands into stuff that generally isn't covered. There's guys here who deadlift 800 lbs and still run like gazelles, etc etc etc. Physical training in SOF is generally small unit leader dependent with regards to execution, but the vast majority of those leaders are more recipient towards newer/different than the standard military PT, types of physical fitness training. We ran, we did pushups and situps and variations therein so that we still could do well on standard PT assessments, but we lifted on a regular basis, we did resistance sprints, we did kettlebell shit, we did all kinds of additional and interesting PT.

Once again, you're utterly missing the differentiation between a selection course intended to find the most capable and qualified personnel to be trained, and the subsequent training evolution sequence afterwards.
 
Ranger Psych,

Ok, so I appreciate your input, and I'm sorry if my tone/candor seems diminutive, but I've put way too much time into this already and can only afford to edit so much right now. I will probably not come back to this for a couple of days; I'm sure a lot of it will piss you off, but I'm also sure there are some solid points of agreement. Anyways, I'm out, hope this is at all interesting or useful to someone if not yourself.

Doing better PT earlier yes, would benefit everyone theoretically, however the article in question mentions a 6 month plus trainup for SOF candidates specifically. As initial recruits for 18X or Option 40's, there's no room for that. You have what you have for the timeframe of 13 weeks of Infantry OSUT, another 3 weeks or so of Airborne, then 3 days at the shortest before you start RIP. SF candidates by contract actually get more train-up time, from what I know.



So the question becomes, particularly for Rangers, since you brought it up: why not re-allocate more for "train up" time, rather than plan a program that is so effective at weeding out the chaff? I'm sure there are budgetary, logistical, and other constraints to doing this, etc. . . . but this is all so ONLY given the fact that there are these customary time frames, sequences and traditions in place for service and force specific indoctrination. If that's not clear: you mention above a typical initial training pipeline leading up to Ranger Indoc. If "everything is fine in selection and training" land, and how dare I question it, can you explain to me the wisdom in giving someone less than a three day break between Airborne training and RIP?

To elaborate: I would love to see statistics on the number of candidates who fail out of RIP as a result of Airborne-training related stress fractures and the like. Assuming a significant number of people fall into this category, does that mean they are weak, stupid, blah blah blah? C'mon man. That it might be wise to give prospects some time to heal up prior to throwing them into an indoc program where they are literally *starved* is just some common sense shit that the Army, in this particular instance, seems to not care about. Shin-bones, ankles and knees, hell the entire person's organism is going to be stressed in an entirely new and severe way after Airborne training. To take someone from that sort of situation and malnourish them isn't just barbaric. I would reckon to say that it is completely freaking stupid, and ends up being a larger waste of resources in the long term, in terms of having disaffected dudes being reclassified to regular infantry, etc., and throwing hissy fits for not getting tabbed.

For anyone in-service, taking 6-9 months out of your day to day stuff is as expected, a total and utter nogo. Hell, our guys going to selections could do additional training if it could be worked into the schedule without interfering with actual responsibilities at the unit. The unit (regardless of what unit) is required by policy to allow you to go, but they're not required to allow you any special favors just because you're trying to go.

6-9 months out of your day? I think I get what you're saying, and that is that duties come first for someone who is already serving. But again, you're just describing the way things are traditionally speaking, and refusing to question the conventions that you take for granted as being valid. With all due respect, if I do end up fulfilling my little G.I. Joe fantasy - and yes, I will freely acknowledge that's what it is at this point - I have already promised myself that I will not settle for this kind of thinking. I will be that guy who gives his superiors hell when they insist on stupid shit, whether behind closed doors or to their faces, and who will ask for reasonable exceptions when it seems necessary. It's really a simple question of not permitting irrational and destructive authority to run roughshod over higher goals, ambitions and needs -- and I'm sure that is something you can appreciate. There are times, even and perhaps especially in the military, where tradition, convention and authority all need to be interrogated and overturned -- not always, certainly, but probably often.

On that note, if the a representative of the Army or any branch decides that an individual is a promising SOF candidate, why shouldn't they be given the resources, time and permissions to maximizing the chances of their success? Sure, it might cost more. Sure, it might piss off conventional troops who aren't given the chance, and it would create a need to recruit more of them, fill in the gaps, etc. But SOF is top priority today for reasons that I don't need to mention to you or anyone else on here. Why shouldn't there be policies in place that anticipate the candidate's success by providing full support for it, rather than anticipate and even plan for the candidate's failure, because "that's just the way it has to be?"

The other factor is that unless done properly (like most of the guys here that lift) weight training as a whole is done to the detriment of overall physical capacity. It does no good if you can deadlift or squat eleventy billion pounds, when you fall out on a 5 mile run. I saw it personally from some steakheads. Proper mixed training prevents that, but too many people go "hurr durr I getz big hurr" and don't keep a balanced focus... and their falling out is a detriment to the team that which they belong.

And there's another serious shortcoming in your thinking, but not just yours. It seems to be doctrinal to SOF in every branch that good candidates ought to be able to run distances, ranging from 1.5 to 5 miles or so, while completely unencumbered, and for times typically below say 6-7 min/mile on average. (I know that's rough, but it's about there, to the best of my knowledge). In any case, can you or someone else please explain to me how this at all mimics field conditions? Is there *any* time where almost *any* SOF troop OR "boots on ground" officer isn't carrying at least 40 lbs of gear, if not far, far more? Does any of that great "running endurance" really last while in field, and furthermore, does it need to? No and no.

The running requirements simply make no sense, given that. For SOF, they need to be hugely de-emphasized in favor of SHORT, HEAVY timed rucks. I know, who the hell am I to suggest something so sensible. If there's something I'm missing here, you are very welcome to let me know. As far as I'm concerned, though, a 220 lb. dude with 10% bodyfat who can squat 2X his body weight will have WAY more "endurance", in a field relevant way, given that he can ruck 110 lbs. 100 yards in less than half the time that a 170 lb. dude who runs a 17 minute 5k who can't squat 340.

Hell, there's frigging troops that don't even know how to insert a magazine in a rifle, or even load a magazine properly. Do you think that these points of human brilliance really should be introduced to doing a clean or something? With bodyweight exercises, at least their capacity to injure themselves is relatively restricted.

Dude, I'm all for BW exercises, and see all the wisdom in their being the most time-tested and perhaps overall most valuable, accessible mainstay of military fitness. However, cals and rucking and cals and swiimming and cals and running ad nauseum are NOT a substitute for a comprehensive, truly well considered, professionaly designed tactical athlete training program, a hugely important portion of which is going to be weight training, and even bodyweight training with added resistance (i.e. chin ups with weight vests, etc.) The reason being is very simple, and has been already alluded to: SOF guys and regular troops for that matter are always required to carry far more than their own weight. In such circumstances, the closer they are to being able to act is if they were unencumbered, the better.

Nutrition in the military varies highly as well, and part of it is also driven by time as well as if you're going to feed the troops, you really are going to also want to feed them something they'll actually eat. Would it have been nice if protein powder or other stuff was provided? Sure, but I could always go back for second helpings of chicken or whatever prime protein they were serving at the Ranger chow hall as well."

I ain't talking 'bout the military providing me with supps and protein. That would be stupid IMO. Not as stupid, however, as them not permitting people to use staples like protein powder, amino acids, etc., bought with their own money, whether in selection or otherwise. If SOF troops aren't taking a well considered regimen of supplements, in my opinion, they are doing themselves, their battle brothers and their country a huge disfavor. Consider that beta alanine, for instance, can be used to literally innoculate people against PTSD. What that means is that you can literally take beta alanine before going into combat, have a mortar round explode close by enough to where it might cause you to panic and be mentally scarred, and have any of those sorts of long-term battle-shock effects be essentially prevented. That is just one small, stupid example compared to the immense benefit-to-cost that comes from taking a well-considered course of supplements at all times.

u're missing the entire frigging point.... which has been pointed out repeatedly by others: SELECTION COURSES ARE NOT A TRAINING EVENT. They are a SELECTION event, intended to suck badly, weed out the weak of heart, the physically incapable, the mentally incapable, and as a result present the best possible troops to the training that occurs once selected!!! SFAS does a green beret not make, as a prime example! BUDS is an odd monkey, as it's a selection and training course rolled up into one, but the initial phase is intended as the primary selection event

No, I do get it, but let me ask you some serious questions. Please give it due consideration before responding. Do you really think that when selection instructors are getting super nasty with candidates, that 100% of the time, it is really out of a desire to "make them stronger?"

Do you think that they take the time to consider, in those situations, the way in which they might be effecting a person's ability to perform, not just in the short term, but in the long-term?

How much punishment is enough? Is it really sensible to leave these sorts of judgments up to some DI who is pissed that he's not in campaign any more, and feels usurped by "this bunch of young pussies" who would dare to step up to the plate and overtake a role that he regrets not being able to fill himself anymore?

Lastly: does pushing people through a dangerously sleep deprived, food deprived, water deprived week really give you an accurate idea of how they are going to perform in the field?

I understand the need to test a candidate in each of these ways INDIVIDUALLY. The fact that it is almost always combined, and a state of severe deprivation and overtraining is pushed upon candidates for weeks on end, doesn't help anyone IMO. THAT is when injuries occur during selection processes, and when sheer dumb luck becomes a factor in determining who makes it to the end. You can tell me until you're blue in the face that I haven't been there or done that, but do you really think that what I'm suggesting is that insensible?

Sure! Make it hard as hell. Hell, make screening SO hard that way, way less people are even permitted into selection in the first place. When the candidates get there, though, they deserve to be tested *within reasonable bounds.* There need to be objective criteria. They can't simply be at the whim of "barrel chested freedom fighters" who go through five cans of dip a day, and hate themselves for having retired from their AD SOF jobs. If that seems too politically correct for you, I don't know what to say besides psychotic father-figures don't generally raise stable, mature and capable men.

It's already been proven that all the selection courses are directly related to the duties inherent to the positions that the resulting graduates fill. You WILL Land nav. You WILL traverse varied terrain and obstacles. You WILL run in boots. You WILL ruck long and unknown distances. You WILL carry varying and heavy loads throughout any and all of these events. You WILL have to function as part of a team. I don't know what clinical science you're thinking would apply, every selection is as functional as it gets.

That basically contradicts what you were saying earlier about selection not being training.
 
For someone with no military background, you seem very confident about what the military needs.

Lastly: does pushing people through a dangerously sleep deprived, food deprived, water deprived week really give you an accurate idea of how they are going to perform in the field?

I laughed at this one. The above sentence tells us all we need to know about what you don't know. Even a private with a few months in uniform could answer this question, so even asking it shows us that you're out of your depth.
 
Ranger Psych,

Ok, so I appreciate your input, and I'm sorry if my tone/candor seems diminutive, but I've put way too much time into this already and can only afford to edit so much right now. I will probably not come back to this for a couple of days; I'm sure a lot of it will piss you off, but I'm also sure there are some solid points of agreement. Anyways, I'm out, hope this is at all interesting or useful to someone if not yourself.

Well, it doesn't solve the fact that you're just wrong on so many points that it's just about not worth responding anymore, and can't seem to understand why you're wrong when it's laid out in black and white...

So the question becomes, particularly for Rangers, since you brought it up: why not re-allocate more for "train up" time, rather than plan a program that is so effective at weeding out the chaff? I'm sure there are budgetary, logistical, and other constraints to doing this, etc. . . . but this is all so ONLY given the fact that there are these customary time frames, sequences and traditions in place for service and force specific indoctrination. If that's not clear: you mention above a typical initial training pipeline leading up to Ranger Indoc. If "everything is fine in selection and training" land, and how dare I question it, can you explain to me the wisdom in giving someone less than a three day break between Airborne training and RIP?

To elaborate: I would love to see statistics on the number of candidates who fail out of RIP as a result of Airborne-training related stress fractures and the like. Assuming a significant number of people fall into this category, does that mean they are weak, stupid, blah blah blah? C'mon man. That it might be wise to give prospects some time to heal up prior to throwing them into an indoc program where they are literally *starved* is just some common sense shit that the Army, in this particular instance, seems to not care about. Shin-bones, ankles and knees, hell the entire person's organism is going to be stressed in an entirely new and severe way after Airborne training. To take someone from that sort of situation and malnourish them isn't just barbaric. I would reckon to say that it is completely freaking stupid, and ends up being a larger waste of resources in the long term, in terms of having disaffected dudes being reclassified to regular infantry, etc., and throwing hissy fits for not getting tabbed.

It's not a tradition. Units need people. ALL the units need people. Simple fact: My RIP class started with 240 some odd candidates. It graduated 40 some odd candidates. Over 150 of those individuals who didn't make the cut QUIT. They didn't fail, they flat out quit on distance runs, road marches, very SIMPLE AND EASY PHYSICAL TASKS. They just couldn't handle the mental pressure of not knowing how far they had to go, couldn't deal with meeting "get downstairs in 5 minutes" for the 50th time today, couldn't deal with having explicit standards. Those people are who you are arguing that should have been given what would amount to hundreds of thousands of man hours and hundreds of thousands of dollars of pay in an otherwise non-functional limbo position of "CANDIDATE"? Really?

We had no-one fail RIP due to stress fractures in my class. Even working hand in hand with the Regimental Aid Station on a regular basis, I even asked. It was a non-starter. The worst thing about getting candidates straight from Airborne was pretty much having individuals going "YES SERGEANT AIRBORNE" at RIP, and being used to a pretty easy existence with regards to duty day length and expected standards.

6-9 months out of your day? I think I get what you're saying, and that is that duties come first for someone who is already serving. But again, you're just describing the way things are traditionally speaking, and refusing to question the conventions that you take for granted as being valid. With all due respect, if I do end up fulfilling my little G.I. Joe fantasy - and yes, I will freely acknowledge that's what it is at this point - I have already promised myself that I will not settle for this kind of thinking. I will be that guy who gives his superiors hell when they insist on stupid shit, whether behind closed doors or to their faces, and who will ask for reasonable exceptions when it seems necessary. It's really a simple question of not permitting irrational and destructive authority to run roughshod over higher goals, ambitions and needs -- and I'm sure that is something you can appreciate. There are times, even and perhaps especially in the military, where tradition, convention and authority all need to be interrogated and overturned -- not always, certainly, but probably often.

On that note, if the a representative of the Army or any branch decides that an individual is a promising SOF candidate, why shouldn't they be given the resources, time and permissions to maximizing the chances of their success? Sure, it might cost more. Sure, it might piss off conventional troops who aren't given the chance, and it would create a need to recruit more of them, fill in the gaps, etc. But SOF is top priority today for reasons that I don't need to mention to you or anyone else on here. Why shouldn't there be policies in place that anticipate the candidate's success by providing full support for it, rather than anticipate and even plan for the candidate's failure, because "that's just the way it has to be?"

Your ambitions go out the window when it comes to a selection, unless you meet the standards. You are a portion of the military, a tiny minuscule portion. You are not a special snowflake just because you WANT to go to a selection course. You are a special snowflake if you can prove that you contain the intestinal fortitude, the mental stamina, to persevere regardless of the conditions. You do not NEED to go SOF. You, personally, need to probably just stay out of the military altogether, given your current overbearing millenial focus on ME ME ME. If you do actually enlist, you will get your dick stomped down your throat so far you'll shit foreskin if you actually hold true to your little sweet promise regarding giving superiors hell and exceptions for your "specialness".

There's no such thing as a promising SOF candidate. There's a trainee, and there's someone who's been selected. SOF is A priority, but not the top priority of anything other than USASOC/SOCOM/etc. Big army isn't worried about SOF, and the simple fact is that simply going off of Lack of Motivation/Voluntary Withdrawal numbers, the vast majority of people stepping up to the plate are simply incapable of doing the job mentally. All those failures of 18X'ers and Option 40's that fail out, quit, or otherwise don't make it? THEY feed needs of the army, or the alternative needs of their parent services for subsequent SOF elements in the sister services.

And there's another serious shortcoming in your thinking, but not just yours. It seems to be doctrinal to SOF in every branch that good candidates ought to be able to run distances, ranging from 1.5 to 5 miles or so, while completely unencumbered, and for times typically below say 6-7 min/mile on average. (I know that's rough, but it's about there, to the best of my knowledge). In any case, can you or someone else please explain to me how this at all mimics field conditions? Is there *any* time where almost *any* SOF troop OR "boots on ground" officer isn't carrying at least 40 lbs of gear, if not far, far more? Does any of that great "running endurance" really last while in field, and furthermore, does it need to? No and no.

The running requirements simply make no sense, given that. For SOF, they need to be hugely de-emphasized in favor of SHORT, HEAVY timed rucks. I know, who the hell am I to suggest something so sensible. If there's something I'm missing here, you are very welcome to let me know. As far as I'm concerned, though, a 220 lb. dude with 10% bodyfat who can squat 2X his body weight will have WAY more "endurance", in a field relevant way, given that he can ruck 110 lbs. 100 yards in less than half the time that a 170 lb. dude who runs a 17 minute 5k who can't squat 340.

Dude, I'm all for BW exercises, and see all the wisdom in their being the most time-tested and perhaps overall most valuable, accessible mainstay of military fitness. However, cals and rucking and cals and swiimming and cals and running ad nauseum are NOT a substitute for a comprehensive, truly well considered, professionaly designed tactical athlete training program, a hugely important portion of which is going to be weight training, and even bodyweight training with added resistance (i.e. chin ups with weight vests, etc.) The reason being is very simple, and has been already alluded to: SOF guys and regular troops for that matter are always required to carry far more than their own weight. In such circumstances, the closer they are to being able to act is if they were unencumbered, the better.

Pretty much every physical training professional that's come to Regiment for whatever "hey lets see what this guy has to offer" course, that didn't actually, you know, WORK in Regiment, came up with some bullshit you should do it all my way this is all wrong crap, which didn't address the necessary components that our training we did on a regular basis DID address. You sound exactly the same as them.

SOF has 2 things they have to do. Missions, and compliance with military standards. Guess what missions entail. All our real fucking PT when you've MADE IT and are actually fucking doing the deed. Then you have what you need to be competent on, in order to be able to meet the military branch of service standards. That includes height-weight and PU/SU/Run. Guess what chuck, if you want to you know, get fucking promoted, you need a good PT score on demand. Johnny Steakhead Supremo Creatineus Maximus generally don't fucking crank out a good run time, contrary to popular belief. It also shows to some extent in any other endurance activity as well, as those same steakheads and the like usually are the ones bitching the most on the long roadmarches or movements. Go to the woods for a month for a large scale training evolution and they're all crying about "MUH GAINZ R GONE" and turning into shriveled whining weaklings, while the guys like me that lifted but didn't focus full retard on lifting, were having a grand old time and generally embarassed the shit out of those guys whenever possible...

Endurance is endurance. Everyone here, except apparently you, knows rucking under the loads we carry fucking thrashes our body. So, in concert with our parent service physical fitness grading requirements, we run more in lieu of rucking. That endurance also does directly have a benefit upon our ability to ruck, since walking under weight when you're in good physical shape is still easier.

Rucking also takes much MORE time to accomplish miles of it, than running the same amount of miles unloaded. That's a factor. There's only so many hours in a day. You want to do 10+ miles for PT? guess what, you're getting up an hour earlier when the whole deal is done in order to report for PT and still get a full days worth of work/training accomplished on top of that. Remember, we're not just PT'ing, we're doing everything inclusive to training, including packing, moving to/from training events and locations, bla de bla de bla. Rucking takes a bunch of time. 30 mile roadmarch takes 12 hours or so when done as a large unit. You can't just pull 12 hours out of your ass, it's a big fucking deal to coordinate the whole goat rodeo.

I ain't talking 'bout the military providing me with supps and protein. That would be stupid IMO. Not as stupid, however, as them not permitting people to use staples like protein powder, amino acids, etc., bought with their own money, whether in selection or otherwise. If SOF troops aren't taking a well considered regimen of supplements, in my opinion, they are doing themselves, their battle brothers and their country a huge disfavor. Consider that beta alanine, for instance, can be used to literally innoculate people against PTSD. What that means is that you can literally take beta alanine before going into combat, have a mortar round explode close by enough to where it might cause you to panic and be mentally scarred, and have any of those sorts of long-term battle-shock effects be essentially prevented. That is just one small, stupid example compared to the immense benefit-to-cost that comes from taking a well-considered course of supplements at all times.

So you're going to quote as a magic bullet a single study with rats, cat piss laden litter, and a noise chamber with the test as to "if they're ok" being a cross shaped maze.... ok bro, that's not how science works, especially when sponsored by a manufacturer of Beta Alanine anyway.


No, I do get it, but let me ask you some serious questions. Please give it due consideration before responding. Do you really think that when selection instructors are getting super nasty with candidates, that 100% of the time, it is really out of a desire to "make them stronger?"

Do you think that they take the time to consider, in those situations, the way in which they might be effecting a person's ability to perform, not just in the short term, but in the long-term?

How much punishment is enough? Is it really sensible to leave these sorts of judgments up to some DI who is pissed that he's not in campaign any more, and feels usurped by "this bunch of young pussies" who would dare to step up to the plate and overtake a role that he regrets not being able to fill himself anymore?

Lastly: does pushing people through a dangerously sleep deprived, food deprived, water deprived week really give you an accurate idea of how they are going to perform in the field?

I understand the need to test a candidate in each of these ways INDIVIDUALLY. The fact that it is almost always combined, and a state of severe deprivation and overtraining is pushed upon candidates for weeks on end, doesn't help anyone IMO. THAT is when injuries occur during selection processes, and when sheer dumb luck becomes a factor in determining who makes it to the end. You can tell me until you're blue in the face that I haven't been there or done that, but do you really think that what I'm suggesting is that insensible?

Sure! Make it hard as hell. Hell, make screening SO hard that way, way less people are even permitted into selection in the first place. When the candidates get there, though, they deserve to be tested *within reasonable bounds.* There need to be objective criteria. They can't simply be at the whim of "barrel chested freedom fighters" who go through five cans of dip a day, and hate themselves for having retired from their AD SOF jobs. If that seems too politically correct for you, I don't know what to say besides psychotic father-figures don't generally raise stable, mature and capable men.

That basically contradicts what you were saying earlier about selection not being training.

No, you don't get it. There is no getting "super nasty" with candidates. You haven't been through a selection of any sort other than slow sperm statistical anomaly, so you wouldn't get it anyway.

Nothing in a SELECTION COURSE is intended to make anyone stronger. It's a planned, graded event cycle. There is no special love, there is time intended for physical stress, graded mental exercises, graded physical exercises, graded physical tasks, graded mental tasks, ability to meet standards, ability to accomplish tasks, ability to do all of these things as a semi-cohesive unit, etc etc etc.

Does pushing people through a sleep, food, never water deprived week (not sure where the fuck you got THAT from, more random bullshit I guess), give an accurate idea of how they will perform? Yes, it does. I got 4-6 hours of sleep a night throughout my second deployment to Afghanistan. I got about 5 hours averaged in Iraq, bouncing between 6 and 3 depending on what the fuck I was doing. Those hours were split in half due to mission/duty requirements. I can remember one specific week where I ran on about 8 hours for the week. I can remember another week where I ran on even less than that, then crashed for about two days. It's very relevant.

A SELECTION PROCESS IS THE SCREENING FOR THE TRAINING IF YOU ARE SELECTED. Period. Accept this as fact, stop trying to make it something it's not. Selection is not the be all end all, it's a component that ensures candidates who come OUT of that course, are capable of meeting the minimum standards required, both mentally and physically, to prospectively complete the training and go on as a fully qualified SOF troop. The physical portion is honestly the easiest portion as it is, and anyone who fails the physical portions honestly proves that they didn't have the mental capacity to pass anyway.

There's no "whim of barrel chested freedom fighters" in any selection course. It's all planned out, with wiggle room for extra training as necessary if the class at large cannot accomplish group tasks reliably.

You're talking about something that you have no clue about, and your ineptitude regarding your inability to understand something you have never seen nor experienced is just overwhelming.

In effect, trying to explain this shit to you is like trying to explain blue to a blind man, and to compound it, you as the blind man, are arguing about why blue isn't green.
 
That's a lot of reading. My thoughts: the rough percentages of people who make through an assessment course has, given what I could find, roughly been the same, give or take a few percentages. That is even with all the standards, work outs, nutrition plans, CrossFit, Tactical Athlete, etc., yadda yadda yadda, well-published and available for free or via Amazon or Barnes & Noble. So this tells me, the equation is right. If someone fails because they did not avail themselves of the latest supplements, then they were going to fail anyway. And they likely would fail in a regular ol' infantry unit that still rucks with heavy shit fast for many miles. Men passed before all the super-duper, well-researched nutritional 'stuff' hit the market, and the will pass without it (or, if you will, fail with/without it).

I will also say that although it is BUDS that famously advertises Hell Week, just about every field-oriented course or training event will subject one to being sleep-deprived, hungry, sore, potentially water-deprived. Because that what happens in the field. And show me a man who can't hack it under controlled conditions, I will show you a man who absolutely will make it dangerous for himself or his colleagues in the field for real. So, yeah, although I cannot scientifically claim causality, I can definitely show correlation.

As for the notion of sadistic instructors who take out their inability to be in the fight by pummeling and relentlessly punishing candidates, of the men I have known that were instructors (A&S, BUDS, and a hundred years ago, some at ARS), zero assessed with either pride or prejudice. The line of thinking that I got was they assessed and either someone made it or they did not; they met the standard, or they did not. My own personal story, at a school I failed my first run, by more than just a couple seconds. I thought I was going to just get wailed. While I was waiting for the beat-down, I was told in a calm, even voice, "You failed this evolution. On your next failure, you fail this course." And that was it.

I am out of the game now but I see better preparation than ever before which, if one is successful in whichever assessment/selection course, will make for a better-prepared soldier/sailor/airman/Marine, and one that will likely last longer, which saves Uncle Sam additional time and money, and keeps the Team manned, which is the goal.
 
No, I do get it, but let me ask you some serious questions. Please give it due consideration before responding.1. Do you really think that when selection instructors are getting super nasty with candidates, that 100% of the time, it is really out of a desire to "make them stronger?"

2.Do you think that they take the time to consider, in those situations, the way in which they might be effecting a person's ability to perform, not just in the short term, but in the long-term?

3.c.How much punishment is enough? a.Is it really sensible to leave these sorts of judgments up to some DI b.who is pissed that he's not in campaign any more, and feels usurped by "this bunch of young pussies" who would dare to step up to the plate and overtake a role that he regrets not being able to fill himself anymore?

Lastly:4. does pushing people through a dangerously sleep deprived, food deprived, water deprived week really give you an accurate idea of how they are going to perform in the field?

5.a.I understand the need to test a candidate in each of these ways INDIVIDUALLY. The fact that it is almost always combined, and a state of severe deprivation and overtraining is pushed upon candidates for weeks on end, doesn't help anyone IMO. b.THAT is when injuries occur during selection processes, and when sheer dumb luck becomes a factor in determining who makes it to the end. c.You can tell me until you're blue in the face that I haven't been there or done that, but do you really think that what I'm suggesting is that insensible?

6.Sure! Make it hard as hell. Hell, make screening SO hard that way, way less people are even permitted into selection in the first place. When the candidates get there, though, they deserve to be tested *within reasonable bounds.* There need to be objective criteria. They can't simply be at the whim of "barrel chested freedom fighters" who go through five cans of dip a day, and hate themselves for having retired from their AD SOF jobs. If that seems too politically correct for you, I don't know what to say besides psychotic father-figures don't generally raise stable, mature and capable men.

Your points above taken in order....

1. No, it is to make them quit in the face of adversity and stress.
2.They are gauging the multifaceted response to adversity - Physical, mental, emotional, spiritual responses, and are recording multiple instances over time.

3.a.There are no DI's - there are instructors or TACs
b.the 'anger' shown by the instructors is 1/2 real and half put on - being away from a team sucks, but getting more real life training experience is good
c. Until a baseline for the individual can be assessed and marked.

4. Yes, it does - those are the conditions of performance for 'real life' situations, SOF requires that every person on the Team is confident that no matter what happens, the guys can be relied on, because they know what to expect.

5.a.On a mission these things do not come up individually, train like you fight - you will be cold/hot, tired, broken, hungry, low on ammo, the radio broken and still 15km from your obj/extraction point with only 10 hours to get there through shitty terrain reliant on map/compass/pace count to get the job done or get the hell out of the AO... The individual testing is taken care of in a series of psychological, moral/ethical, intelligence, and physical tests that wash out the obviously broken people.
b. It is a dangerous job and people get hurt in training, sometimes through no fault of their own, there are recycles that ameliorate that issue.
c. No, you haven't been through it, and you can't understand it until you've done it. The Selection and Training has many purposes, one of which is to build a brotherhood among those who have 'weighed, measured and found qualified' to usurp a line from 'A Knight's Tale'... an outside view is as biased as an inside view, but without the benefit of having the experience, and there is no way you can fully understand our bias without having been there. We, on the other hand, were once in your shoes, outside and sucked it up and said 'Fuck it, I'll never know until I do it, damn the torpedoes, I'm going to see it through.'

6. The screening process is extremely selective, right now the top 5% of the applicants get to SFAS, and ~80% wash out of the enhanced screening - most of those Voluntary Withdrawls - they quit. there are no 'reasonable bounds' for the SOF, anytime, anyplace, anyhow is a reality, not a motto. The current criteria are objective and subjective, because it's not just the objective items that are crucial, it is the subjective observation of somebody that does the job that helps secure 'the fit' of the individual. Would you hate yourself if you had to leave your chosen life? Men retire and contract as instructors because they love the Regiment and want the best people in it, they are hard, but fair within the limits of the profession. There are few psychotic father figures, there are men who want as little loss to the ranks as possible, they are training men to be their brothers in a sense that 99.9% of the population will never understand. There is no way to assess who will make it through SFAS and the Q Course prior to that person making it, there are certain red flags that disqualify many from even attempting it, but SOF soldiers are a fine line between a boy scout and a psychopath, it's the nature of the job. And by the way, the great majority of SF/SOF soldiers are far and away much more stable, mature and capable people than most of the population, not to mention ethical, moral, and spiritual (not religious, spiritual).

No matter that because you have education in psychology and biosciences and kinesiology you think you understand the entire process of the programs you are disparaging, you are still clueless as to the entirety of the whys behind the methodologies. you are focused on a single article about the physical training issues and trying to dissect the whole course.

Again, I'll end this by suggesting that you attempt SF/SOF selection... it might change a few of your views from the outside to the inside.
 
For reference, ETF, cursory examples of activities I've performed either on training or deployment in my Army career. And this wasn't even as part of any SOF:


Occupying a two man fighting position for 36 hours.

Diving (x2) completely under freezing water inside a ten foot deep depression to attach a heavy tow cable to an M113.

Going four days on continuous ops with no sleep.

Buddy carrying an injured brother in web gear, weapon and IBA for 1.5 miles.
 
I will be that guy who gives his superiors hell when they insist on stupid shit, whether behind closed doors or to their faces, and who will ask for reasonable exceptions when it seems necessary. It's really a simple question of not permitting irrational and destructive authority to run roughshod over higher goals, ambitions and needs

Then you will be chaptered in very short order, with a BCD.

Consider that beta alanine, for instance, can be used to literally innoculate people against PTSD. What that means is that you can literally take beta alanine before going into combat, have a mortar round explode close by enough to where it might cause you to panic and be mentally scarred, and have any of those sorts of long-term battle-shock effects be essentially prevented.

Please give a link to medically supported, peer reviewed evidence of this statement.
 
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